6. Geological Hazards and Interpretation

Volcanology — Quiz

Test your understanding of volcanology with 5 practice questions.

Practice Questions

Question 1

In a Rayleigh fractional crystallization model, the concentration of SiO₂ in the residual melt is given by $C_l=C_0\,F^{(D-1)}$. If $C_0=50\%\,,\,F=0.6\,,\,D=0.5$, what is $C_l$?

Question 2

A volcano emits SO₂ at 200 tonnes per day. If the magma’s dissolved SO₂ content is 200 ppm by mass, estimate the daily mass of erupted magma in tonnes.

Question 3

A pyroclastic deposit covers 2 km² with an average thickness of 0.5 m. What is its approximate volume in cubic meters?

Question 4

If eruptions follow a Poisson process with a mean recurrence interval of 2000 years, what is the probability of at least one eruption in the next 100 years?

Question 5

Which textural feature in volcanic rocks is most diagnostic of magma mixing?