In the context of Islamic jurisprudence, what is the detailed ruling concerning the 'Sutrah' (barrier) during prayer (Salah), and what are the implications of praying without one in an open space?
Question 2
According to the Hanafi school of thought, what is the specific ruling on the 'Qunut' (supplication) in the Witr prayer, and how does it differ from other schools regarding its timing and nature?
Question 3
What is the jurisprudential debate surrounding the intention (Niyyah) for fasting during Ramadan, specifically concerning whether a separate intention is required for each day or if a single intention at the beginning of the month suffices?
Question 4
Regarding Zakat on trade goods, what is the specific method of calculation and the conditions under which it becomes obligatory, particularly concerning the 'Hawl' (passage of a lunar year) and 'Nisab' (minimum threshold)?
Question 5
What is the jurisprudential ruling on a person who performs Hajj (pilgrimage) while having outstanding debts, and what are the conditions under which such a Hajj would be considered valid or invalid?
