Lesson 11.2: Planning and Position

Introduction

In this lesson, we will explore essential skills for the Analytical Writing task on the GRE, specifically focusing on how to plan and take a position on a given issue. The ability to read the prompt carefully, interpret its instructions, and develop a coherent argument is fundamental for achieving a high score in this section.

Objectives

• Understand how to read the prompt and its instructions accurately before starting to write.
• Take a clear and defensible position in response to the prompt.
• Outline your reasons and examples before drafting the essay.
• Interpret the prompt's specific instructions correctly.
• State a clear thesis that directly addresses the issue.

Understanding the Prompt

The Analytical Writing section presents you with a specific issue and asks you to provide your perspective. Let’s break down how to interpret the prompt effectively.

Breaking Down the Prompt

When you receive a prompt, it usually presents a statement or a claim followed by an instruction to discuss your thoughts on the issue.

1. Identify the Main Idea: Look for the central claim the prompt is making. What is the issue at hand? For instance, if the prompt states, "Technological advancements have led to a decline in human interaction," the main idea is the impact of technology on social behavior.

1. Read Instructions Carefully: After identifying the main idea, pay close attention to what the prompt is asking you to do. Are you to agree with the statement, disagree, or present a nuanced view?

1. Highlight Key Words: Keywords such as "analyze," "discuss," "evaluate," or "agree/disagree" will guide your response. The term "analyze," for instance, suggests delving deeper into the implications of the issue rather than just stating your opinion.

Example

Let’s look at a sample prompt:

Sample Prompt: "Governments should prioritize spending on public services over spending on the military. Discuss your perspective on this issue."

1. Main Idea: The prompt emphasizes a debate between public services and military spending.
2. Instructions: You are asked to discuss your perspective, which means you can take either side or a middle ground.
3. Key Words: 'Prioritize' is essential as it implies the need for weighing the importance of public services against military funding.

Taking a Clear Position

After carefully interpreting the prompt, it's time to formulate your position based on your understanding.

Crafting a Thesis Statement

Your thesis statement should clearly express your stance on the issue. A thesis statement is typically one or two sentences that encapsulate your main argument. It should be specific and directly responsive to the prompt.

Structure of a Strong Thesis

A well-defined thesis includes:

• A clear position: State whether you agree, disagree, or see both sides.
• Main reasons: Briefly outline the main reasons that support your position.

Example of a Thesis Statement

For the previous sample prompt regarding government spending:

"While military spending is essential for national security, governments should prioritize public services to enhance citizens' quality of life and promote long-term societal benefits."

In this thesis, the clear position is stated, and it hints at the reasons that will be explored later in the essay.

Outlining Reasons and Examples

Before jumping into drafting your essay, it’s crucial to outline your supporting reasons and examples that will bolster your argument.

Importance of an Outline

Creating an outline serves multiple purposes:

• Organizes your thoughts: It helps you to arrange your ideas logically.
• Saves time while writing: Following an outline ensures you cover all your planned points without trailing off-topic.
• Improves flow and coherence: An outline helps connect your ideas smoothly.

Structuring Your Outline

Your outline can follow a basic structure:

1. Introduction

• Introduce the topic.
• Present your thesis statement.

1. Body Paragraphs (Each Main Idea)

• Paragraph 1: Reason 1
• Example/Supporting evidence
• Paragraph 2: Reason 2
• Example/Supporting evidence
• Paragraph 3: Counterargument (if applicable)

1. Conclusion

• Restate your thesis in light of the arguments made.
• Offer a closing thought or call to action.

Example of an Outline for the Thesis

1. Introduction

• Introduce the debate on government spending.
• Thesis Statement: "While military spending is essential, governments should prioritize public services."

1. Body Paragraphs

• Paragraph 1: Importance of public services (education, healthcare).
• Example: Increased funding leads to better schooling results in a country like Finland.
• Paragraph 2: The economic benefits of investing in public services.
• Example: Job creation in public service sectors.
• Paragraph 3: Considering military needs (Acknowledge but counter the priority).

1. Conclusion

• Reaffirm the thesis that public services should take precedence and encourage debate on resource allocation.

Conclusion

In this lesson, you have learned how to effectively read and interpret the prompt for the GRE Analytical Writing task. By taking a clear position, crafting a strong thesis, and outlining your supporting reasons and examples before drafting, you develop a structured approach that enhances your writing quality. By applying these strategies, you can boost your confidence and clarity in your GRE essays.

Study Notes

• Always read the prompt multiple times to fully understand it.
• A strong thesis should be clear and address the prompt directly.
• Use outlines to organize ideas and ensure a logical flow.
• Anticipate counterarguments to strengthen your position.
• Practice writing essays under timed conditions to improve your efficiency.