Question 1
Which of the following best describes the primary function of an enhancer in gene regulation?
A. To bind RNA polymerase and initiate transcription. B. To recruit repressor proteins to inhibit gene expression. C. To increase the rate of transcription of a gene, often from a distance. D. To remove introns from pre-mRNA during splicing.
Question 2
Epigenetic modifications primarily influence gene expression by:
A. Directly altering the DNA nucleotide sequence. B. Changing the structure of chromatin, making genes more or less accessible for transcription. C. Promoting the degradation of mRNA molecules. D. Synthesizing new proteins from existing mRNA templates.
Question 3
Which of the following noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) is known for its role in RNA interference (RNAi) by binding to messenger RNA (mRNA) and leading to its degradation or translational repression?
A. Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) B. Transfer RNA (tRNA) C. Small interfering RNA (siRNA) D. Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA)
Question 4
A DNA sequence that acts to reduce or prevent the transcription of a gene is called a:
A. Promoter B. Enhancer C. Silencer D. Terminator
Question 5
Histone acetylation generally leads to:
A. Chromatin condensation and gene silencing. B. Chromatin decondensation and increased gene expression. C. DNA methylation and transcriptional repression. D. Increased stability of mRNA molecules.
