Which subatomic particle's behavior is best described by wave-particle duality, and how does this impact its location within an atom?
Question 2
A hypothetical element has an atomic number of $Z$ and a mass number of $A$. If an ion of this element has a charge of $+2$ and contains $N$ neutrons, which expression correctly represents the number of electrons in this ion?
Question 3
In the context of nuclear binding energy, how does the 'mass defect' relate to the stability of an atomic nucleus, and which subatomic particles are primarily involved in this phenomenon?
Question 4
Consider two isotopes of an element: Isotope A has $X$ protons and $Y$ neutrons. Isotope B has $X$ protons and $Y+2$ neutrons. Which of the following statements accurately describes a difference in their nuclear properties?
Question 5
The Rutherford gold foil experiment led to the conclusion that atoms have a dense, positively charged nucleus. Which observation was most crucial in supporting this conclusion?
