Lesson 13.2: Prewriting Analysis and Position Selection

Introduction

In this lesson, we will explore the essential prewriting analysis required for the LSAT Argumentative Writing task. Understanding how to take a position and effectively analyze different perspectives is crucial for constructing a compelling argument. This lesson aims to equip students with strategies to interpret the prompt, analyze competing viewpoints, and select a defensible position that can be supported with strong reasoning. By the end of this lesson, students will be able to perform a thorough prewriting analysis and make informed decisions regarding position selection.

Learning Objectives

Use the prewriting phase to analyze perspectives and generate ideas.
Choose a defensible position that is supported by stronger arguments rather than personal preference.
Analyze the competing perspectives and clearly identify the central issue.
Select a position that can be robustly defended with the strongest available reasoning.
Explain the main ideas and terminology related to prewriting analysis and position selection.

Understanding the Prewriting Phase

The prewriting phase is a critical step in preparing for the argumentative writing task. This is the time to break down the prompt, evaluate the perspectives provided, and brainstorm ideas. It sets the foundation for a well-structured argument.

Step-by-Step Breakdown

Read the Prompt Carefully: Start by reading the prompt multiple times. Identify the main topic and the two juxtaposed perspectives. For example, if the prompt discusses whether schools should implement a four-day week, identify the arguments for and against it.
Identify the Central Issue: What is the main debate? Understanding the core conflict will help refine your position.
Analyze Perspectives: Consider both sides of the issue. What arguments do proponents present, and what do opponents argue? Make lists to sort through their claims.
Brainstorm Ideas: Using the lists of viewpoints, brainstorm your thoughts on the issue. This can include personal experiences, current events, or logical reasoning.

Worked Example

Prompt: Schools should adopt a four-day school week to increase student well-being.

Pro Side:
More time for rest and family.
Better mental health for students leading to improved academic performance.
Con Side:
Potential loss of instructional time.
Parents may struggle to adjust work schedules.

Central Issue: Is the potential benefit of student well-being greater than the possible loss of learning due to reduced school days?

Brainstorm Ideas: students might consider how the extra day off can alleviate stress, allowing students time for personal development. Reflecting on local schools that have implemented this model may provide further insights.

Selecting a Defensible Position

After analyzing perspectives, the next step is selecting a position that is defendable. This process does not rely on personal opinions but rather focuses on the strength of arguments provided.

Criteria for a Good Position

Supportability: Your chosen position should be based on arguments that can be backed with evidence.
Relevance: Make sure the position addresses the central issue directly.
Clarity: The position should be stated clearly to avoid confusion.
Engagement with Opposing Viewpoints: Acknowledge counterarguments; this demonstrates critical thinking and strengthens your position by showing how you would respond to opposition.

Example Position Selection

Returning to the earlier prompt about the four-day school week:

Position Selected: Schools should adopt a four-day week.
Support Points: Reduced stress leads to better academic performance, the opportunity for real-world experiences during the extended weekend, and evidence from schools with improved student outcomes.
Engagement: While the concern about instructional time is valid, evidence may show that quality of instruction can improve with smaller, more focused classes during the fourth day.

Common Misconceptions

Many students confuse a defensible position with a mere opinion. Remember: an opinion is something one feels strongly about but may not have substantial reasoning behind, whereas a defensible position must rely on logical arguments and evidence.

Additionally, some might think that arguing against their initial instinct makes them weaker. In fact, engaging with the opposing viewpoint can provide a more well-rounded argument, showcasing students's ability to think critically about the topic.

Conclusion

In summary, the prewriting analysis is a vital process in constructing a successful LSAT argument. By carefully dissecting the prompt, analyzing the competing perspectives, and selecting a defensible position grounded in strong reasoning, students will be better prepared to write a compelling argumentative essay.

Study Notes

Carefully read and understand the prompt.
Identify the central issue and competing perspectives.
Engage in brainstorming to generate ideas supporting your position.
Choose a position based on evidence and support.
Be mindful of opposing views to strengthen your argument.
Distinguish between opinion and defensible position.